Feancis peybe poecheb



amt smut gfiatwt differ,

rumors PEYRE ronounn, or. CHARLESTON, ,SOUTH' CAROLINA.

Letters Patent No. 98,884, dated January 18, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN MATERIALS FOR TANNING, DY-EING, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part: of the same.

Be it known that I, FRANCIS PEYRE Pononun, of

the city of Charleston, in the State of South Caro sometimes called, the botanical name of which is,

Liquidcunbar styragiflzut.

These leaves may be gathered at any period of their growth, but I prefer to wait until they are fully matured; and the action of light frosts upon them is not prejudicial, as far as my experience enables me to judge. i

These leaves, when dried, maybe packed and sent to "market in their crude form, and in that shape will be found of very great value in the tanning of leather. But I prefer to extract their-properties, so that they may be transported and used in a condensed form.

For this purpose I prefer to use thefollowing process: l

r The leaves having been dried and ground, I saturate them with a solution of washed ether. One part of ether to three or more parts ofwater, answers well 7 for this purpose. This should be done in a large reservoir, lined with porcelain or copper; or a funnelshaped digester, closely covered, may be used forthat purpose.

In this condition it should be allowed to remain twenty-four hours, in order to dissolve the soluble porstop-cock, so placed that the upper surface of the liquid to be evaporated should be kept. at or justbelow the said stop-cock, in order that the supernatant ohlorophyl and coloring-principles may be drawn off, without drawing oil" the liquid itself;

If any coloringprinciples afterwards remain, I throw upon the surface of the liquid, shavings of the northern or Weymouth pine, or of the poplar, which being removed, will have green or other coloring-matter adhering to the'm; a

The shavings of the timber may be used for this purpose, but 1 prefer those above mentioned.

The coloring-matter thus drawn otf or removed may be used fdr dyeing, and will be found of great value for that purpose.'

I then evaporate the residue in the usual way, collet-ting the ether in a condenser, for further use.

The remaining-extract is almostpure tannin, incorporated with somecoloring-matter. V

The solid matter which was .used in theprevious portion of this process, may then be treated with alcohol, diluted with about four times its volume of water..

After remaining five hours or longer, to digest and to dissolve still further the soluble pbrtion of the substance, the solution maybe drawn off in the same way as has been above described, and evaporated in like manner, collecting the alcohol for further use.

The remaining extract is tannin, with a small portion of gum'a-ml'rosin incorporated therewith, as well as a black or brownish or yellowish-black coloringmatter.-

The extracts obtained, as hereinhefore described, may be further dried, and have the water, with which they are still combined, drawn off, by inverting the reservoir or dish which contains it'over a fire, if such reservoir is not too large for this purpose; or the same effect may be produced by subjecting the extract to reflected heat in any other way.

The product or mass is thus rendered lighter colored, and is easily powdered. I

A less pure extract of tannin, containing gum resins and coloring-matter, may be produced by macerating the ground or powdered leaves before mentioned in ater alone, and then boiling, straining, and evamating the fluid. The extract thus obtained is sufficiently pure to be used in the preparation of leather, or in dyeing.

This latter process of extraction is not claimed as pateutable.

By the addition of diluted sulphuric acid to the (of Linnaeus) and as the C'Zethm tomcnltosa, (of Lamar('1ue,) and which shrub is commonly known as the white alder.

Having thus described my discovery and invention, What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters latent, is-

1. The use. of the leaves of the gum tree and described.

white alder, as applied to the purposes hereinbefore treating the leaves of the sweet; gum, Glethm tomentosa, or other similar plants, substantially as here- 2. The hereinbefore-described processes, by which in described. 1

the virtuesof those leaves can be extracted and pre- 1 Signcdin presence of two witnesses.

pared for use, as aforesaid. FRANCIS .PEYRE POROHER.

3. The new article of manufacture herein described,

produced by drying and'paeking the leaves of the spe- Witnesses:

cies f plants hereinnamed, asset fOl'lElL- Y Y R. T. CAMPBELL,

4. The improved tanning extract prod-need by J. N. CAMPBELL 

